Abstract: The characterization of the turnstile circulator is usually arbitrary undertaken at the physical terminals of the resonator. This plane does not, in general, ensure that the electrical and mechanical planes of the junction coincide. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the first of the two circulation conditions of the junction outside its mechanical plane by introducing a short radial waveguide (U.E.) at each port of the resonator. The U.E.’s separately serve to decouple the junction from any quarter-wave transformer in the design of practical degree-2 circulators. The phase error of the no uniform radial annulus connecting the circular resonator to the triplet of uniform rectangular waveguides compared to that of a uniform waveguide is given special attention. The paper includes the optimization of a degree-2 junction.

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