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Adherence to pro-vegetarian food patterns and risk of oesophagus, stomach, and pancreas cancers: a multi case-control study (the PANESOES study)

Abstract: We aimed to evaluate the association between three previously defined pro-vegetarian (PVG) food patterns and the cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, and pancreas in a multi case-control study. We analyzed data from a multi-case hospital-based study carried out in two Mediterranean provinces in Spain. A total of 1233 participants were included in the analyses: 778 incident cancer cases, histologically confirmed (199 oesophagus, 414 stomach, and 165 pancreas) and 455 controls. A dietary assessment was performed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three PVG food patterns (general, healthful, and unhealthful) were estimated using 12 food groups for the general PVG (gPVG), scoring positive plant-based foods and negative animal-based foods, and 18 food groups, for the healthful (hPVG) and unhealthful (uPVG) food patterns. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate relative risk ratios (RRR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) for quintiles of adherence to PVG patterns and as a continuous variable. The RRR (95% CI) for the highest vs. the lowest quintile of gPVG were, RRR = 0.37 (0.32, 0.42) for the oesophagus, RRR = 0.34 (0.27, 0.43) for the stomach, and RRR = 0.43 (0.35, 0.52) for pancreas cancer. For the hPVG, the RRR were RRR = 0.72 (0.58, 0.90) for the oesophagus, RRR = 0.42 (0.34, 0.52) for the stomach, and RRR = 0.74 (0.59, 0.92) for pancreas cancer. The uPVG was associated with a higher risk of stomach cancer RRR = 1.76 (1.42, 2.18). Higher adherence to gPVG and hPVG food patterns is associated with a lower risk of oesophageal, stomach, and pancreas cancers, while a higher adherence to a uPVG food pattern is associated with a higher risk of stomach cancer.

 Autoría: Oncina-Cánovas A., González-Palacios S., Notario-Barandiaran L., Torres-Collado L., Signes-Pastor A., de-Madaria E., Santibañez M., García-de la Hera M., Vioque J.,

 Fuente: Nutrients , 2022, 14(24), 5288

 Editorial: MDPI

 Año de publicación: 2022

 Nº de páginas: 12

 Tipo de publicación: Artículo de Revista

 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245288

 ISSN: 2072-6643

Autoría

ONCINA-CÁNOVAS, ALEJANDRO

GONZÁLEZ-PALACIOS, SANDRA

NOTARIO-BARANDIARAN, LEYRE

TORRES-COLLADO, LAURA

SIGNES-PASTOR, ANTONIO

DE-MADARIA, ENRIQUE

GARCÍA-DE LA HERA, MANUELA

VIOQUE, JESÚS