Abstract: In this paper we define the notion of medical-data context as the clinical situation that generates statistical data that, once analyzed by statistical techniques, provide useful information from a medical point of view. We particularize this definition to clinical situations associated with four specific processes of medical practice: diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prognosis of diseases. Thus, we identify and describe eleven medical-data contexts that are exemplified by tasks taken from Biostatistics manuals used in the Degree in Medicine studies in Spain. These contexts allow us to approach the teaching of statistics from a useful perspective for future doctors

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