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Abstract: An imidazolium based iron-containing ionic liquid [BMIm][Fe(NO)2Cl2] (BMIm?=?1-n-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) has been synthesized for the first time and fully characterized employing a wide range of techniques. The iron-based containing ionic liquid was found to be an active catalyst for the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides, giving high conversions for various substrates under near ambient conditions. In addition, the catalytic system showed a good recycling performance for five consecutive reaction cycles. Key mechanistic studies demonstrated that a bifunctional catalytic system is generated in situ by the partial dissociation of the iron-based ionic liquid into [BMIm][Cl], which results in a very efficient catalyst without the need of any additive or co-catalyst. The metal center plays a role as Lewis acid and activate the epoxide group, and the chloride anion, as part of [BMIm][Cl] moiety, acts as nucleophile and leads to the ring opening through a nucleophilic attack on the less sterically-hindered C?.?The process is favoured by an interaction via H-bonding between the substrate and the H?C2 of the imidazolium ring, as was demonstrated by additional experiments. Kinetic studies indicated that the process followed first-order kinetics with respect to epoxide concentration and proved the existence of a reversible coordination/de-coordination equilibrium in which the active species are generated from the [BMIm][Fe(NO)2Cl2] complex.
Fuente: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 245, 240-250
Editorial: Elsevier
Fecha de publicación: 01/05/2019
Nº de páginas: 11
Tipo de publicación: Artículo de Revista
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.12.062
ISSN: 0926-3373,1873-3883
Url de la publicación: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.12.062
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LEU, MEIKE K.
VICENTE, ISABEL
ALVES FERNANDES, JESUM
MANUEL DE PEDRO DEL VALLE
DUPONT, JAIRTON
SANS, VICTOR
LICENCE, PETER
GUAL, AITOR
CANO, ISRAEL
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