Abstract: In this paper we propose a novel approach that relates age-specific cohort fertility rates with socioeconomic conditions faced by each cohort in each single age to understand the behaviour of fertility. We implement this approach to study the evolution of fertility over the last 40 years in Spain, where both fertility and socioeconomic situations have undergone substantial changes during the period under scrutiny. We find female education and labour market conditions to be highly correlated with the evolution of cohort age-specific fertility rates in Spain.

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