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Abstract: Background & Aims Autophagy-related gene 3 (ATG3) is an enzyme mainly known for its actions in the LC3 lipidation process, which is essential for autophagy. Whether ATG3 plays a role in lipid metabolism or contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unknown. Methods By performing proteomic analysis on livers from mice with genetic manipulation of hepatic p63, a regulator of fatty acid metabolism, we identified ATG3 as a new target downstream of p63. ATG3 was evaluated in liver samples from patients with NAFLD. Further, genetic manipulation of ATG3 was performed in human hepatocyte cell lines, primary hepatocytes and in the livers of mice. Results ATG3 expression is induced in the liver of animal models and patients with NAFLD (both steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) compared with those without liver disease. Moreover, genetic knockdown of ATG3 in mice and human hepatocytes ameliorates p63- and diet-induced steatosis, while its overexpression increases the lipid load in hepatocytes. The inhibition of hepatic ATG3 improves fatty acid metabolism by reducing c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 (JNK1), which increases sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1a), and mitochondrial function. Hepatic knockdown of SIRT1 and CPT1a blunts the effects of ATG3 on mitochondrial activity. Unexpectedly, these effects are independent of an autophagic action. Conclusions Collectively, these findings indicate that ATG3 is a novel protein implicated in the development of steatosis.
Fuente: Journal of Hepatology Volume 76, Issue 1, January 2022, Pages 11-24
Publisher: Elsevier
Publication date: 01/01/2022
No. of pages: 15
Publication type: Article
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.09.008
ISSN: 0168-8278,1600-0641
Spanish project: SAF2017- 83813-C3-1-R
Publication Url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2021.09.008
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DA SILVA LIMA, NATÁLIA
FONDEVILA, MARCOS F.
NÓVOA, EVA
BUQUÉ, XABIER
MERCADO-GÓMEZ, MARIA
GALLET, SARAH
GONZÁLEZ-RELLAN, MARIA J.
FERNANDEZ, UXIA
LOYENS, ANNE
GARCIA-VENCE, MARIA
CHANTADA-VAZQUEZ, MARIA DEL PILAR
BRAVO, SUSANA B.
MARAÑON, PATRICIA
SENRA, ANA
ESCUDERO, ADRIANA
LEIVA, MAGDALENA
GUALLAR, DIANA
FIDALGO, MIGUEL
PAULA IRUZUBIETA COZ
JAVIER CRESPO GARCIA
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