Abstract: Two advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that provide a broad-spectrum contaminant destruction option were applied to the treatment of the leachates, namely electrochemical and Fenton oxidation. Despite the similar efficiency in the oxidation of major organic contaminants, approximately 90% reduction of chemical oxygen demand after 180 min, our results showed a different behaviour of both AOPs in the oxidation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). A concentration reduction of 73% for 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD and of 71% for OCDD was reached after 180 min of electrochemical oxidation and the total toxic equivalent of the sample was reduced in 58%. However, Fenton oxidation followed a different trend and for similar operation times, it was detected an increase in the concentration of several PCDD/Fs congeners, specially stressed for the major congeners 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, OCDD and OCDF, and in the total toxicity of the sample between 12.5% and 128%. Comparison of the results and the rationale behind their difference are finally discussed.
