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Autoantibody screening in Guillain-Barré syndrome

Abstract: Background: Guillain?Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory neuropathy with a heterogeneous presentation. Although some evidences support the role of autoantibodies in its pathogenesis, the target antigens remain unknown in a substantial proportion of GBS patients. The objective of this study is to screen for autoantibodies targeting peripheral nerve components in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Methods: Autoantibody screening was performed in serum samples from all GBS patients included in the International GBS Outcome study by 11 different Spanish centres. The screening included testing for anti-ganglioside antibodies, anti-nodo/paranodal antibodies, immunocytochemistry on neuroblastoma-derived human motor neurons and murine dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, and immunohistochemistry on monkey peripheral nerve sections. We analysed the staining patterns of patients and controls. The prognostic value of anti-ganglioside antibodies was also analysed. Results: None of the GBS patients (n = 100) reacted against the nodo/paranodal proteins tested, and 61 (61%) were positive for, at least, one anti-ganglioside antibody. GBS sera reacted strongly against DRG neurons more frequently than controls both with IgG (6% vs 0%; p = 0.03) and IgM (11% vs 2.2%; p = 0.02) immunodetection. No differences were observed in the proportion of patients reacting against neuroblastoma-derived human motor neurons. Reactivity against monkey nerve tissue was frequently detected both in patients and controls, but specific patterns were only detected in GBS patients: IgG from 13 (13%) patients reacted strongly against Schwann cells. Finally, we confirmed that IgG anti-GM1 antibodies are associated with poorer outcomes independently of other known prognostic factors

 Fuente: J Neuroinflammation 18, 251 (2021)

 Editorial: BioMed Central

 Fecha de publicación: 01/11/2021

 Nº de páginas: 13

 Tipo de publicación: Artículo de Revista

 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02301-0

 ISSN: 1742-2094

 Url de la publicación: https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-021-02301-0

Autoría

LLEIXA, CINTA

MARTÍN AGUILAR, LORENA

PASCUAL GOÑI, ELBA

FRANCO, TERESA

CABALLERO, MARTA

LUNA, NOEMÍ DE

GALLARDO, EDUARD

SUÁREZ CALVET, XAVIER

MARTÍNEZ MARTÍNEZ, LAURA

DIAZ MANERA, JORDI

ROJAS GARCÍA, RICARD

CORTÉS VICENTE, ELENA

TURÓN, JOANA

CASASNOVAS, CARLOS

HOMEDES, CHRISTIAN

GUTIÉRREZ GUTIÉRREZ, GERARDO

JIMENO MONTERO, MARÍA CONCEPCIÓN

MARIA JOSE SEDANO TOUS

GARCÍA SOBRINO, TANIA