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Clinical Impact of Genetic Diagnosis of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adults

Abstract: Hypothesis: Adult genetic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) may be underestimated. Background: The diagnosis of genetic hearing loss is challenging, given its extreme genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, particularly in adulthood. This study evaluated the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the etiological diagnosis of adult-onset SNHL. Materials and methods: Adults (>16 yr old) with SNHL were recruited at the Otolaryngology Department at Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (Spain). Environmental factors, acoustic trauma, endolymphatic hydrops, and age-related hearing loss were excluding criteria. An NGS gene panel was used, including 196 genes (OTOgenics v3) or 229 genes (OTOgenics v4) related to syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss. Results: Sixty-five patients were included in the study (average age at the onset of SNHL, 41 yr). Fifteen pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants considered to be causative were found in 15 patients (23% diagnostic yield) in TECTA (4), KCNQ4 (3), GJB2 (2), ACTG1 (1), COL2A1 (1), COCH (1), COCH/COL2A1 (1), STRC (1), and ABHD12 (1). Three patients had syndromic associations (20% of patients with genetic diagnosis) that had not been previously diagnosed (two Stickler type I and one polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, cataract syndrome). Seven variants of unknown significance were found in COL11A1 (1), GSMDE (2), DNTM1 (1), SOX10 (1), EYA4 (1), and TECTA (1). Conclusion: NGS gene panels can provide diagnostic yields greater than 20% for adult SNHL, with a significant proportion of variant of unknown significance that could potentially contribute to increasing diagnostic output. Identifying a genetic cause enables genetic counseling, provides prognostic information and can reveal unrecognized syndromes contributing to an accurate management of their associated manifestations.

 Fuente: Otol Neurotol . 2022 Dec 1;43(10):1125-1136

 Editorial: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

 Año de publicación: 2022

 Nº de páginas: 12

 Tipo de publicación: Artículo de Revista

 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003706

 ISSN: 1531-7129,1537-4505

 Url de la publicación: https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000003706

Autoría

PATRICIA CORRIOLS NOVAL

EUGENIA CARMELA LOPEZ SIMON

CADIÑANOS, JUAN

DIÑEIRO, MARTA

CAPÍN, RAQUEL

ROCIO GONZALEZ AGUADO

COSTALES MARCOS, MARÍA

CABANILLAS FARPÓN, RUBÉN