Abstract: This paper presents a methodology which combines the life cycle assessment (LCA) and the mathematical programming and optimization. LCA was applied using the environmental sustainability assessment (ESA) methodology to obtain two main indicators: natural resources (NR) and environmental burdens (EB) that are further minimized. The optimization of these variables will allow to obtain the best environment performance of the system, since the methodology includes specific, local and global features of the process under study. This procedure was applied to a handicraft sector, in particular, to the anchovy canning industry in Cantabria (Northern Spain).

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