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Abstract: Artificial lighting was a crucial physical resource for expanding complex social and economic behavior in Paleolithic groups. Furthermore, the control of fire allowed the development of the first symbolic behavior in deep caves, around 176 ky BP. These activities would increase during the Upper Paleolithic, when lighting residues proliferated at these sites. The physical peculiarities of Paleolithic lighting resources are very poorly understood, although this is a key aspect for the study of human activity within caves and other dark contexts. In this work, we characterize the main Paleolithic lighting systems (e.g., wooden torches, portable fat lamps, and fireplaces) through empirical observations and experimental archeology in an endokarstic context. Furthermore, each lighting system's characteristic combustion residues were identified to achieve a better identification for the archaeological record. The experiments are based on an exhaustive review of archaeological information about this topic. Besides, we apply the estimated luminous data of a Paleolithic cave with Paleolithic art (Atxurra in northern Spain) in 3D through GIS technology to delve into the archeologic implications of illumination in Paleolithic underground activities.
Fuente: PLoS One, 2021, 16(6): e0250497
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Publication date: 01/06/2021
No. of pages: 30
Publication type: Article
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250497
ISSN: 1932-6203
Spanish project: PID2019-107262 GBI00
Consult in UCrea Read publication
MARIA DE LOS ANGELES MEDINA ALCAIDE
DIEGO GARATE MAIDAGAN
IÑAKI INTXAURBE ALBERDI
JOSE LUIS SANCHIDRIAN TORTI
OLIVIA RIVERO VILA
FERRIER, CATHERINE
MARIA DOLORES MESA ALGAR
PEREÑA, JAIME
LÍBANO, IÑAKI
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