Abstract: Population ageing is one of the current challenges that most societies are facing, with greatimplications for health systems and social services, including long-term care. This increasing long-term care use is particularly rising for dependent older people, motivating the implementation ofregional dependency laws to ensure their care needs? coverage. Using data from the Survey of Health,Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from the year 2004 until 2017, the aim of this study is toassess the impact that the Spanish System for Personal Autonomy and Dependency might have on(i) household income, according to different needs for care levels, by running Generalized LinearModels (GLMs); and (ii) formal and informal care use depending on the income-related determinantthrough the performance of logit random-effects regression models. We show that the differentdegrees of needs for personal care are associated with a lower household income, being associatedwith an income reduction from€3300 to nearly€3800, depending on the covariates included, peryear for the more severely in-need-for-care older adults. Moreover, our findings point towards ahigher use of formal and informal care services by the moderate and severe dependents groups,regardless of the household income group and time period. Bearing in mind the demographic ageing,our results highlight the need for the identification of potentially vulnerable populations and theefficient planification of long-term care systems and social support services

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